Regulated necrosis and failed repair in cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease

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Ilizarov技术与Masquelet技术治疗股骨感染性骨不连的疗效

目的 探讨Ilizarov技术与Masquelet技术治疗股骨感染性骨不连的疗效。 方法 回顾性分析2014年1月～2018年1月我院收治的63例股骨感染性骨不连患者的临床资料，根据不同手术方式分为Ilizarov组（n=34）与Masquelet组（n=29）。比较两组手术次数、治疗费用、生命质量评分、并发症、愈合时间及治疗效果。 结果〓两组治疗手术总次数无明显差异（P＞0.05），但Ilizarov组治疗缺损手术次数更多（P＜0.05），而Masquelet组患者治疗感染手术次数更多（P＜0.05）；Masquelet组治疗费用明显低于Ilizarov组（P＜0.05）；治疗后，两组患者生命质量评分均提高，且Masquelet组提高幅度大于Ilizarov组（均P＜0.05）；两组并发症发生率无明显差异（P＞0.05）；Masquelet组治愈时间明显短于Ilizarov组（P＜0.05）；治疗后，两组患者疗效总优良率无明显差异（P＞0.05），但Ilizarov组治疗效果评级为优的患者明显多于Masquelet组（P＜0.05）。 结论 Ilizarov技术可修复、重建较长骨段缺损，感染、复发率低，愈合时间短，但操作难度大，治疗费用高，对患者日常活动影响大；Masquelet技术适用于骨缺损长度较短且自体供骨量充足患者，操作简单，安全性好，但对软组织要求较高，因此应根据患者实际情况合理选择临床术式，帮助患者更好康复。     

Increasing radiofrequency ablation volumes with the use of internally cooled electrodes and injected hydrochloric acid in ex vivo bovine livers

Purpose: We used an impedance-controlled generator with an internally cooled electrode to perform radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in ex vivo bovine livers, with a single injection of either 38.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) or 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl), to determine the relative effects of these two solutions on tissue impedance, temperature and ablation volume.

Materials and methods: We performed 10 ablations each with injections of NaCl (NaCl-RFA), HCl (HCl-RFA) or nothing (RFA-alone), with a power setting of 200 W for 15?minutes. We recorded tissue impedance before and after injection. We logged temperatures obtained from thermocouple probes positioned 5, 10, 15 and 20?mm from the internally cooled RF electrode. After ablation, we measured ablation zone longitudinal and transverse diameters, and we calculated a spherical ratio (SR) for each ablation.

Results: Mean post-injection impedance of 30.3 (standard deviation [SD] 2.5) ohms for HCl was significantly lower than that of 55.4 (SD 3.5) ohms for NaCl (p?<?.001). Mean maximum temperatures recorded at each respective distance from the RFA electrode were all highest for HCl-RFA and lowest for RFA-alone (p?<?.001). Mean longitudinal and transverse diameters after HCl-RFA (5.50 [SD 0.25] cm and 5.28 [SD 0.22] cm, respectively) were significantly larger than those after NaCl-RFA (4.24 [SD 0.35] cm and 3.55 [SD 0.43] cm, respectively) and after RFA-alone (3.60 [SD 0.10] cm and 2.70 [SD 0.13] cm, respectively) (p?<?.001). Mean SR after HCl-RFA (0.93, SD 0.02) was significantly higher than mean SR after NaCl-RFA (0.76, SD 0.06) and RFA-alone (0.72, SD 0.04) (p?<?.001).

Conclusion: Monopolar, impedance-controlled RFA, with an internally cooled electrode and a single 10% HCl injection may allow larger tumors to be treated, potentially resulting in improved patient outcomes.